LCMC Health is excited to move into the next phase of our partnership with Tulane University. We have been preparing for this moment and we are thrilled to welcome patients and new team members to the East Jefferson General Hospital family. Click here for location updates.
Colorectal cancer is one of the most common cancers in the U.S. –
especially in Louisiana and the New Orleans area. Early stage colon or
rectal cancer doesn’t usually have symptoms, which is one of the
many reasons a colonoscopy cancer screening can fall by the wayside. It’s
easy to remember to visit the doctor when something is causing you pain
or affecting your quality of life. With so much going on, it can be much
more difficult to take a proactive approach to managing your health –
especially when it includes a screening procedure that many think of as
less than appealing.
What is colon cancer?
Colorectal cancer is cancer that occurs in the colon (large intestines)
or rectum (connects the colon to the anus). Ninety to 95 percent of all
colon cancers are adenocarcinomas or a cancer that begins in cells that
produce mucus or other fluids. These tumors generally start as adenomas
(polyps) or small benign (non-cancerous) growths.
Colon cancer risk factors
Routine screening is your best defense against colorectal cancer. But there
are still other things you can do to reduce your risk. While not all risk
factors can be altered, some can. And early-stage colon cancer doesn’t
usually have symptoms.
That’s why it’s important to know the risk factors and make
healthy lifestyle choices to reduce your risk.
Age – 50 years old or older
Physical inactivity and obesity – Research shows a link between obesity and colon cancer. Regular
exercise is key to overall health.
Diet – A diet high in red and processed meats may lead to a higher chance
of developing colon cancer. High amounts of fruits, vegetables and whole
grains have been associated with lower risk of colorectal cancer
Family history – A family history of cancer can put you at a higher risk
Smoking – People with a long history of smoking are more likely to be diagnosed
with colon cancer
Alcohol – Heavy alcohol use has been linked to colon cancer
Diabetes – Research shows a connection between type 2 diabetes and colon cancer
Race – African-Americans and Native Americans are at higher risk
Colon cancer screening
A colonoscopy isn’t your only option. Colon screenings are vital
to ensure your body stays healthy and to uncover any early signs of cancer.
Experts recommend a colonoscopy (which examines the entire rectum and
colon) every 10 years for those who are 50 years of age or older.
A
colonoscopy is the gold standard of colorectal cancer screening, but we know that
many people are hesitant about the procedure. Depending on your personal
history and risk factors, other cancer screening options are available.
Other colorectal screening options
Flexible sigmoidoscopy – An examination of the rectum and lower part of the colon.
Digital rectal exam – An exam that checks for irregularities. This test can detect about
half of colon cancers and can usually be administered by a New Orleans
primary care physician.
Fecal occult blood test – A lab test used to look for blood in the stool. You can talk to
your primary care doctor about this test.
Stool DNA test – A lab test used to look for DNA changes in cells. It can also
detect blood in stool. This test can usually be performed by your primary
care physician.
X-ray of the large intestine or barium enema – Provides a picture of the colon and can assist in identifying polyps.
Biopsy – The doctor removes a tissue sample which is sent for examination.
Virtual colonoscopy – Uses computer software and a CT scan to check for colon polyps.
Watch the video below to hear about other patients’ experience:
Colon cancer treatment
Our care doesn’t stop at colon cancer screening. Our Cancer Center
offers comprehensive colorectal cancer care. A dedicated multidisciplinary
team of physicians and cancer specialists work seamlessly to ensure every
patient has a care plan built specifically for them with the quickest
time to treatment possible.
Colon cancer symptoms
There usually aren’t any symptoms associated with the early stages
of colon cancer. That’s why it’s even more important to be
mindful of symptoms of colorectal cancer when they begin to appear and
to speak with your doctor if you have concerns. Those common symptoms include:
Weight loss without changes to diet or exercise
Chronic fatigue
A change in bathroom habits
Stool that may be narrower than normal
Blood in the stool – it can appear bright red, black or tar-like
Diarrhea
Constipation
A feeling that the bowel does not empty completely
Abdominal discomfort such as gas pain, bloating, fullness, cramping
