Coronary artery bypass graft surgery (CABG) treats the narrowing of the
coronary arteries, the blood vessels that supply oxygen and nutrients
to the heart muscle, that limits the supply of oxygen-rich blood to the
heart muscle due to plaque build-up. The blocked or narrowed arteries
are bypassed with a piece of a healthy blood vessel from elsewhere in
your body. Blood vessel grafts are most commonly pieces of veins from your leg.
Aortic valve replacement surgery is performed to treat aortic valve disease,
which can be the result of aortic stenosis or aortic regurgitation. The
main surgical approaches are open-heart surgery or minimally invasive
surgery. The choice of procedure depends on the patient's condition and
the surgeon's recommendation. One traditional method is with open heart
surgery which makes a large incision in the middle of the chest wall to
expose the heart and replace the valve. Also, in some cases, a minimally
invasive surgery may be an option that uses a smaller incision near the
ribs to access the heart and can replace the malfunctioning valve with
either a mechanical or bioprosthetic valve. The two main reasons a valve
may need to be repaired or replaced are stenosis or regurgitation.
Ascending aortic aneurysm repair & valve replacement surgery
For patients with both valve and aortic disease, the Bentall procedure
is a cutting-edge open-heart surgery in which the aortic valve, aortic
root, and ascending aorta are repaired or replaced, all at once (aka composite
graft replacement). A synthetic valve replaces the diseased aortic valve,
a synthetic graft replaces the dilated or diseased portion of the aorta,
the coronary arteries are reimplanted in the graft, and normal circulation
to the heart is restored.
Mitral valve repair or replacement surgery
The mitral valve is between the two left heart chambers. The valve has
flaps, also called leaflets, that open and close to let blood pass through.
The choice of procedure to repair or replace the valve depends on the
patient's condition and the surgeon's recommendation. One traditional
method is with open heart surgery which makes a large incision in the
middle of the chest wall to expose the heart and replace the valve. Also,
in some cases, a minimally invasive surgery may be an option that uses
a smaller incision near the ribs to access the heart and can replace the
malfunctioning valve with either a mechanical or bioprosthetic valve.
The two main reasons a valve may need to be repaired or replaced are stenosis
or regurgitation.
Pulmonary valve repair
Pulmonary valve repair treats conditions such as pulmonary valve stenosis
and regurgitation. The goal is to improve blood flow from the heart to
the lungs and correct the diseased or damaged pulmonary valve, which is
located between the right ventricle and the pulmonary artery. This valve
plays a crucial role in controlling blood flow from the heart to the lungs.
Pulmonary valve repair surgically alters the pulmonary valve flaps by
trimming, patching, reshaping or rebuilding them so that they close more tightly.
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