Colon Cancer

Colorectal cancer is one of the most common cancers in the U.S. – especially in Louisiana and the New Orleans area. Early stage colon or rectal cancer doesn’t usually have symptoms, which is one of the many reasons a colonoscopy cancer screening can fall by the wayside. It’s easy to remember to visit the doctor when something is causing you pain or affecting your quality of life. With so much going on, it can be much more difficult to take a proactive approach to managing your health – especially when it includes a screening procedure that many think of as less than appealing.

What is colon cancer?

Colorectal cancer is cancer that occurs in the colon (large intestines) or rectum (connects the colon to the anus). Ninety to 95 percent of all colon cancers are adenocarcinomas or a cancer that begins in cells that produce mucus or other fluids. These tumors generally start as adenomas (polyps) or small benign (non-cancerous) growths.

Colon cancer risk factors

Routine screening is your best defense against colorectal cancer. But there are still other things you can do to reduce your risk. While not all risk factors can be altered, some can. And early-stage colon cancer doesn’t usually have symptoms. That’s why it’s important to know the risk factors and make healthy lifestyle choices to reduce your risk.

Age – 50 years old or older
Physical inactivity and obesity – Research shows a link between obesity and colon cancer. Regular exercise is key to overall health.
Diet – A diet high in red and processed meats may lead to a higher chance of developing colon cancer. High amounts of fruits, vegetables and whole grains have been associated with lower risk of colorectal cancer
Family history – A family history of cancer can put you at a higher risk
Smoking – People with a long history of smoking are more likely to be diagnosed with colon cancer
Alcohol – Heavy alcohol use has been linked to colon cancer
Diabetes – Research shows a connection between type 2 diabetes and colon cancer
Race – African-Americans and Native Americans are at higher risk

Colon cancer screening

A colonoscopy isn’t your only option. Colon screenings are vital to ensure your body stays healthy and to uncover any early signs of cancer. Experts recommend a colonoscopy (which examines the entire rectum and colon) every 10 years for those who are 50 years of age or older.

A colonoscopy is the gold standard of colorectal cancer screening, but we know that many people are hesitant about the procedure. Depending on your personal history and risk factors, other cancer screening options are available.

Other colorectal screening options

Flexible sigmoidoscopy – An examination of the rectum and lower part of the colon.
Digital rectal exam – An exam that checks for irregularities. This test can detect about half of colon cancers and can usually be administered by a New Orleans primary care physician.
Fecal occult blood test – A lab test used to look for blood in the stool. You can talk to your primary care doctor about this test.
Stool DNA test – A lab test used to look for DNA changes in cells. It can also detect blood in stool. This test can usually be performed by your primary care physician.
X-Ray of the large intestine or barium enema – Provides a picture of the colon and can assist in identifying polyps.
Biopsy – The doctor removes a tissue sample which is sent for examination.
Virtual colonoscopy – Uses computer software and a CT scan to check for colon polyps.

Colon cancer treatment

Our care doesn’t stop at colon cancer screening. Our Cancer Center offers comprehensive colorectal cancer care. A dedicated multidisciplinary team of physicians and cancer specialists work seamlessly to ensure every patient has a care plan built specifically for them with the quickest time to treatment possible.

Colon cancer symptoms

There usually aren’t any symptoms associated with the early stages of colon cancer. That’s why it’s even more important to be mindful of symptoms of colorectal cancer when they begin to appear and to speak with your doctor if you have concerns. Those common symptoms include: